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ro_barebone.txt
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
G H I D U L P R O G R A M A T O R U L U I H T M L
de Kevin Werbach <http://werbach.com/>
Versiunea 3.0 -- 21 Iulie 1996
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Acest document il veti gasi in permanenta la <http://werbach.com/barebones/>.
Ghidul programatorului HTML listeaza toate tagurile recunoscute de majoritatea
browserelor, versiunile curente. Am inclus toate tagurile din specificatia
3.2, precum si extensiile Netscape incluse in versiuni pana la 3.0b5. Ghidul
este scris in asa fel incat sa fie cat mai concis posibil, deci nu se va intra
in detalierea tagurilor descrise. Sunt numerosi ghizi pas cu pas pe Web;
am linkuri catre multi dintre ei la <http://werbach.com/web/wwwhelp.html>.
Comentariile si sugestiile sint binevenite; ma puteti gasi prin Email la
<barebones@werbach.com>.
FORMATUL ACESTUI DOCUMENT
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acest document poate fi vizualizat cel mai bine cu un font monospaced.
Pentru claritate mai mare, am separat atributele ce pot fi aplicate aceluiasi
tag pe linii separate. In general, mai multe atribute pot fi aplicate aceluiasi
tag.
Tagurile sunt scrise cu litere mari pentru a fi citite mai usor, desi majoritatea
tagurilor nu sunt case sensitive.
SIMBOLURI FOLOSITE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
URL URL-ul unui fisier extern (sau doar numele fisierului da este in acelasi
director)
? Numar (ex. <H?> inseamna <H1>, <H2>, <H3>, etc.)
% Procent (ex. <HR WIDTH="%"> inseamna <HR WIDTH="50%">, etc)
*** Text (ex. ALT="***" inseamna sa inlocuiti cu un text)
$$$$$$ Hexazecimal (ex. BGCOLOR="#SSSSSS" inseamna BGCOLOR="#00FF1C", etc.)
,,, Separare prin virgula (ex. COORDS=",,," inseamna COORDS="0,0,50,50", etc.)
| Alternativa (ex. ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER inseamna sa alegeti una dintre
optiuni)
COMPATIBILITATE (atentie, HTML evolueaza shi implementarile browserelor variaza)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(nimic) In spec. HTML 3.2; ar trebui sa mearga pe toate browserele
N1.0 Extensie Netscape introdusa in Navigator versiunea 1.0
N1.1 Extensie Netscape introdusa in Navigator versiunea 1.1
N2.0 Extensie Netscape introdusa in Navigator versiunea 2.0
N3.0B Extensie Netscape introdusa in Navigator versiunea 3.0 beta
===========================================================================
===========================================================================
GENERAL (toate documentele HTML trebuie sa aiba aceste parti)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tipul doc. <HTML></HTML> (inceputul si sfarsitul doc.)
Titlu <TITLE></TITLE> (trebuie sa fie in header)
Header <HEAD></HEAD> (informatii descriptive, cum ar fi
titlul)
Corp <BODY></BODY> (corpul doc.)
DEFINITII STRUCTURALE (aparente controlate de preferintele browserului)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Marime font <H?></H?> (spec. defineste 6 nivele)
Aliniere <H? ALIGN=LEFT|CENTER|RIGHT></H?>
Divizare <DIV></DIV>
Aliniere <DIV ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|JUSTIFY></DIV>
Citat <BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE> (de obicei aliniat la
dreapta sau la stanga)
Accentuare <EM></EM> (de obicei scris cu italic)
Acc. puternica <STRONG></STRONG> (de obicei scris cu bold)
Citat <CITE></CITE> (de obicei italic)
Cod <CODE></CODE> (pt. listare cod sursa)
Exemplu <SAMP></SAMP>
Input tastatura <KBD></KBD>
Variabila <VAR></VAR>
Definitie <DFN></DFN> (fara raspandire larga)
Adresa autorului <ADDRESS></ADDRESS>
Font mare <BIG></BIG>
Font mic <SMALL></SMALL>
FORMATAREA PREZENTARII (autorul specifica formatul textului)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bold <B></B>
Italic <I></I>
N3.0b Subliniat <U></U> (fara raspandire larga)
Evidentiere <STRIKE></STRIKE> (fara raspandire larga)
N3.0b Evidentiere <S></S> (fara raspandire larga)
Subscript <SUB></SUB>
Superscript <SUP></SUP>
Masina de scris <TT></TT> (se foloseste un font monospaced)
Preformatare <PRE></PRE> (se foloseste sursa asa cum este)
Latime <PRE WIDTH=?></PRE> (in caractere)
Centru <CENTER></CENTER> (pentru text si imagini)
N1.0 Clipire <BLINK></BLINK> (cel mai controversat tag)
Marimea fontului <FONT SIZE=?></FONT> (valori de la 1 la 7)
Schimbare marime
font <FONT SIZE="+|-?"></FONT>
N1.0 Marime implicita <BASEFONT SIZE=?> (de la 1 la 7; implicit 3)
Culoare <FONT COLOR="#$$$$$$"></FONT>
N3.0b Selectie font <FONT FACE="***"></FONT>
N3.0b Multi-Column <MULTICOL COLS=?></MULTICOL>
N3.0b Column Gutter <MULTICOL GUTTER=?></MULTICOL>
N3.0b Column Width <MULTICOL WIDTH=?></MULTICOL>
N3.0b Spacer <SPACER>
N3.0b Spacer Type <SPACER TYPE=horizontal|vertical|block>
N3.0b Size <SPACER SIZE=?>
N3.0b Dimensions <SPACER WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>
N3.0b Alignment <SPACER ALIGN=left|right|center>
LINKS AND GRAPHICS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Link Something <A HREF="URL"></A>
Link to Target <A HREF="URL#***"></A> (if in another document)
<A HREF="#***"></A> (if in current document)
N2.0 Target Window <A HREF="URL" TARGET="***"></A>
Define Target <A NAME="***"></A>
Display Image <IMG SRC="URL">
Alignment <IMG SRC="URL"
ALIGN=TOP|BOTTOM|MIDDLE|LEFT|RIGHT>
N1.0 Alignment <IMG SRC="URL" ALIGN=TEXTTOP|ABSMIDDLE|
BASELINE|ABSBOTTOM>
Alternate <IMG SRC="URL" ALT="***"> (if image not displayed)
Dimensions <IMG SRC="URL" WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?> (in pixels)
Border <IMG SRC="URL" BORDER=?> (in pixels)
Runaround Space <IMG SRC="URL" HSPACE=? VSPACE=?> (in pixels)
N1.0 Low-Res Proxy <IMG SRC="URL" LOWSRC="URL">
Imagemap <IMG SRC="URL" ISMAP> (requires a script)
Imagemap <IMG SRC="URL" USEMAP="URL">
Map <MAP NAME="***"></MAP> (describes the map)
Section <AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS=",,," HREF="URL"|NOHREF>
N1.1 Client Pull <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="?; URL=URL">
N2.0 Embed Object <EMBED SRC="URL"> (insert object into page)
N2.0 Object Size <EMBED SRC="URL" WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>
DIVIDERS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paragraph <P></P> (closing tag often unnecessary)
Align Text <P ALIGN=LEFT|CENTER|RIGHT></P>
Line Break <BR> (a single carriage return)
Clear Textwrap <BR CLEAR=LEFT|RIGHT|ALL>
Horizontal Rule <HR>
Alignment <HR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER>
Thickness <HR SIZE=?> (in pixels)
Width <HR WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
Width Percent <HR WIDTH="%"> (as a percentage of page width)
Solid Line <HR NOSHADE> (without the 3D cutout look)
N1.0 No Break <NOBR></NOBR> (prevents line breaks)
N1.0 Word Break <WBR> (where to break a line if needed)
LISTS (lists can be nested)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unordered List <UL><LI></UL> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact <UL COMPACT></UL>
Bullet Type <UL TYPE=DISC|CIRCLE|SQUARE> (for the whole list)
<LI TYPE=DISC|CIRCLE|SQUARE> (this & subsequent)
Ordered List <OL><LI></OL> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact <OL COMPACT></OL>
Numbering Type <OL TYPE=A|a|I|i|1> (for the whole list)
<LI TYPE=A|a|I|i|1> (this & subsequent)
Starting Number <OL START=?> (for the whole list)
<LI VALUE=?> (this & subsequent)
Definition List <DL><DT><DD></DL> (<DT>=term, <DD>=definition)
Compact <DL COMPACT></DL>
Menu List <MENU><LI></MENU> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact <MENU COMPACT></MENU>
Directory List <DIR><LI></DIR> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact <DIR COMPACT></DIR>
BACKGROUNDS AND COLORS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tiled Bkground <BODY BACKGROUND="URL">
Bkground Color <BODY BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$"> (order is red/green/blue)
Text Color <BODY TEXT="#$$$$$$">
Link Color <BODY LINK="#$$$$$$">
Visited Link <BODY VLINK="#$$$$$$">
Active Link <BODY ALINK="#$$$$$$">
(More info at <http://werbach.com/web/wwwhelp.html#color>)
SPECIAL CHARACTERS (these must all be in lower case)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Special Character ?; (where ? is the ISO 8859-1 code)
< <
> >
& &
" "
Registered TM ®
Registered TM ®
Copyright ©
Copyright ©
Non-Breaking Spc
(Complete list at <http://www.uni-passau.de/%7Eramsch/iso8859-1.html>)
FORMS (generally require a script on your server)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define Form <FORM ACTION="URL" METHOD=GET|POST></FORM>
N2.0 File Upload <FORM ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data></FORM>
Input Field <INPUT TYPE="TEXT|PASSWORD|CHECKBOX|RADIO|
IMAGE|HIDDEN|SUBMIT|RESET">
Field Name <INPUT NAME="***">
Field Value <INPUT VALUE="***">
Checked? <INPUT CHECKED> (checkboxes and radio boxes)
Field Size <INPUT SIZE=?> (in characters)
Max Length <INPUT MAXLENGTH=?> (in characters)
Selection List <SELECT></SELECT>
Name of List <SELECT NAME="***"></SELECT>
# of Options <SELECT SIZE=?></SELECT>
Multiple Choice <SELECT MULTIPLE> (can select more than one)
Option <OPTION> (items that can be selected)
Default Option <OPTION SELECTED>
Input Box Size <TEXTAREA ROWS=? COLS=?></TEXTAREA>
Name of Box <TEXTAREA NAME="***"></TEXTAREA>
N2.0 Wrap Text <TEXTAREA WRAP=OFF|VIRTUAL|PHYSICAL></TEXTAREA>
TABLES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Define Table <TABLE></TABLE>
Table Border <TABLE BORDER></TABLE> (either on or off)
Table Border <TABLE BORDER=?></TABLE> (you can set the value)
Cell Spacing <TABLE CELLSPACING=?>
Cell Padding <TABLE CELLPADDING=?>
Desired Width <TABLE WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
Width Percent <TABLE WIDTH=%> (percentage of page)
Table Row <TR></TR>
Alignment <TR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER
VALIGN=TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>
Table Cell <TD></TD> (must appear within table rows)
Alignment <TD ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER
VALIGN=TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>
No linebreaks <TD NOWRAP>
Columns to Span <TD COLSPAN=?>
Rows to Span <TD ROWSPAN=?>
N1.1 Desired Width <TD WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
N1.1 Width Percent <TD WIDTH="%"> (percentage of table)
N3.0b Cell Color <TD BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$">
Table Header <TH></TH> (same as data, except bold centered)
Alignment <TH ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER
VALIGN=TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>
No Linebreaks <TH NOWRAP>
Columns to Span <TH COLSPAN=?>
Rows to Span <TH ROWSPAN=?>
N1.1 Desired Width <TH WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
N1.1 Width Percent <TH WIDTH="%"> (percentage of table)
N3.0b Cell Color <TH BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$">
Table Caption <CAPTION></CAPTION>
Alignment <CAPTION ALIGN=TOP|BOTTOM> (above/below table)
FRAMES (define and manipulate specific regions of the screen)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
N2.0 Frame Document <FRAMESET></FRAMESET> (instead of <BODY>)
N2.0 Row Heights <FRAMESET ROWS=,,,></FRAMESET> (pixels or %)
N2.0 Row Heights <FRAMESET ROWS=*></FRAMESET> (* = relative size)
N2.0 Column Widths <FRAMESET COLS=,,,></FRAMESET> (pixels or %)
N2.0 Column Widths <FRAMESET COLS=*></FRAMESET> (* = relative size)
N3.0b Borders <FRAMESET FRAMEBORDER="yes|no">
N3.0b Border Width <FRAMESET BORDER=?>
N3.0b Border Color <FRAMESET BORDERCOLOR="#$$$$$$">
N2.0 Define Frame <FRAME> (contents of an individual frame)
N2.0 Display Document <FRAME SRC="URL">
N2.0 Frame Name <FRAME NAME="***"|_blank|_self|_parent|_top>
N2.0 Margin Width <FRAME MARGINWIDTH=?> (left and right margins)
N2.0 Margin Height <FRAME MARGINHEIGHT=?> (top and bottom margins)
N2.0 Scrollbar? <FRAME SCROLLING="YES|NO|AUTO">
N2.0 Not Resizable <FRAME NORESIZE>
N3.0b Borders <FRAME FRAMEBORDER="yes|no">
N3.0b Border Color <FRAME BORDERCOLOR="#$$$$$$">
N2.0 Unframed Content <NOFRAMES></NOFRAMES> (for non-frames browsers)
JAVA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Applet <APPLET></APPLET>
File Name <APPLET CODE="***">
Parameters <APPLET PARAM NAME="***">
Location <APPLET CODEBASE="URL">
Identifier <APPLET NAME="***"> (for references)
Alt Text <APPLET ALT="***"> (for non-Java browsers)
Alignment <APPLET ALIGN="LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER">
Size <APPLET WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?> (in pixels)
Spacing <APPLET HSPACE=? VSPACE=?> (in pixels)
MISCELLANEOUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comment <!-- *** --> (not displayed by the browser)
Prologue <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
Searchable <ISINDEX> (indicates a searchable index)
Prompt <ISINDEX PROMPT="***"> (text to prompt input)
Send Search <A HREF="URL?***"></a> (use a real question mark)
URL of This File <BASE HREF="URL"> (must be in header)
N2.0 Base Window Name <BASE TARGET="***">(must be in header)
Relationship <LINK REV="***" REL="***" HREF="URL"> (in header)
Meta Information <META> (must be in header)
Style Sheets <STYLE></STYLE> (not widely supported yet)
Scripts <SCRIPT></SCRIPT> (not widely supported yet)
===========================================================================
Copyright (c) 1995, 1996 Kevin Werbach. Noncommercial redistribution is
permitted. This Guide is not a product of Bare Bones Software. Contact the
author for more information.